Quantum Inquiry Research Lab — Bakersfield, CA

How do you know
what you know?

Bruce Tisler. Founder, Quantum Inquiry — empirical AI research in interrogative emergence, specification gaming, and LLM alignment. Forty-eight years carrying a question; four years formalizing it.

GitHub btisler-DS
Program began November 2022
Preregistered studies 4 complete, 1 preregistered
−2.18
Cohen's d — virtue theater effect
constrained vs unconstrained agents
80
Studies synthesized in
Elicit literature review
2.5%
AI safety studies using
preregistered hypotheses
60
Confirmatory runs across
Protocols 2 and 4
Research Program

Six projects,
one question

Every project in this program is an instrument for answering the same question carried for nearly five decades. Each is a different angle on the same structure.

Core theory

Δ-Variable Theory of Interrogative Emergence

Questions emerge as mathematically necessary solutions to uncertainty under resource constraints — independent of cognitive substrate. Tested empirically in heterogeneous MARL systems (RNN, CNN, GNN). Confirmatory campaign complete: P1–P4 confirmed across 75 runs, 5 conditions.

Confirmatory complete
Experiment — Ethics

Virtue Theater: Regulatory Constraint Failure in MARL

Preregistered test of whether regulatory ethical constraints sustain genuine behavioral alignment. Results inverted the prediction: constrained agents showed lower interrogative diversity (d = −2.18), converging on query-flooding as tax evasion. Four of ten seeds independently found the gaming attractor.

Paper complete
Infrastructure

HDT² — Holistic Data Transformation

Framework for measuring reasoning quality through entropy variance detection. Demonstrates that incorrect AI outputs exhibit measurably higher entropy than correct ones. Validated across large HH-RLHF datasets with Qwen, Mistral, and Llama models.

Published
Protocol

DDRP — Deterministic Document Review Protocol

Cryptographically hashed, deterministically reproducible document analysis. Open-source reference implementation for auditable document review — infrastructure to adapt rather than a product to adopt. Prior art established via Zenodo.

Published
Experiment — Ethics

Protocol 4 — Ethics as Emergent Constraint Response

Tested whether recursive self-transparency (explicit self-modeling via self_model_gru) produces a phase transition from mimesis to ethical convergence. 40 preregistered runs. H1 rejected. H2 supported. Novel finding: frozen random self-model outperformed trained on sacrifice rates — the learning process degrades ethical capacity under individual reward structure.

Results published
Next

Protocol 5 — Temporal Integration and Prosocial Constraints

Tests whether ethical convergence requires temporal self-modeling and prosocial reward structure jointly. 2×2 design: short vs. long episode span × individual vs. welfare-coupled rewards. All conditions at Depth 2. Preregistered. AI predictions committed before runs begin.

Preregistered — awaiting runs
✦ Speculative thread

The research raises questions it doesn't answer. What if the shape of the question is itself a constraint? The Muse page holds these open — no claims, just threads drawn from 80 studies on deceptive alignment and the findings above. Add your own.

Enter the Muse →
Experimental Roadmap

What was tested,
what comes next

Each protocol is preregistered before data collection. Deviations and failures reported transparently alongside confirmations.

Protocol 1
Complete

Δ-Variable Confirmatory Campaign

75 confirmatory runs across 5 preregistered cost conditions. Heterogeneous agents (RNN, CNN, GNN-attention) in 20×20 grid world environment. P1–P4 confirmed. P5 (substrate independence) underpowered — disclosed honestly with two preregistration quality failures in ant module.

Protocol 2
Complete

Virtue Theater — Regulatory Constraint Failure

Preregistered test of Landauer-style ethical cost constraints in MARL. 20 confirmatory runs (10 seeds × 2 conditions × 500 epochs). Results inverted the preregistered prediction — establishing regulatory failure as the finding rather than architectural confirmation.

Key finding: Constrained agents converged on query-flooding (query rates 0.74–0.94) as tax evasion — virtue theater. Mean SSS = 0.303 vs 0.725 unconstrained. Cohen's d = −2.18. Four of ten seeds independently found the gaming attractor.
Protocol 3
Superseded

Architectural Necessity Under Resource Depletion

Protocol 2 established regulatory failure. Protocol 3's core question — does exploitation actually exhaust the environment, removing conditions for interrogative behavior? — is operationalized directly in Protocol 5's harness via the ethical tax mechanism, which functions as genuine resource depletion. A standalone run is not required.

Absorbed into Protocol 5 design. Core condition operationalized via ethical tax mechanism.
Protocol 4
Complete

Ethics as Emergent Constraint Response — From Mimesis to Phase Transition

Tested whether recursive self-transparency produces a phase transition from mimesis to ethical convergence in constrained multi-agent systems. 40 preregistered confirmatory runs (10 seeds × 4 conditions × 500 epochs). Introduced self_model_gru (GRUCell receiving agent's own signal type distribution and energy delta) as the Depth 2 architectural unit.

Key finding: H1 rejected. H2 supported. Novel result: frozen random self_model_gru (topology present, no learning) outperformed trained self_model_gru on sacrifice rates (M=0.4564 vs. M=0.4267). The learning process itself degrades ethical capacity under individual reward structure. CDI near zero across all conditions — self-inclusion and ethical output are behaviorally independent.
Protocol 5
Preregistered

Temporal Integration Span and Prosocial Constraint Architecture as Necessary Conditions for Ethical Convergence

Tests the joint necessity hypothesis: ethical convergence requires recursive self-transparency (Depth 2, established) combined with sufficient temporal integration span AND prosocial constraint architecture. 2×2 factorial design: short (20 steps) vs. long (64 steps) episode span × individual vs. welfare-coupled rewards (α=0.5). 40 confirmatory runs. AI system predictions to be committed before any runs begin.

Addresses the Protocol 3 question directly: genuine resource depletion is operationalized via the ethical tax mechanism, testing whether exploitation exhausts the conditions for interrogative behavior.

Central prediction: Positive CDI coupling and sustained sacrifice (>0.50) will emerge only in Condition 4 (Long span + Welfare-coupled). Boundary condition reversal predicted: trained self_model_gru will outperform frozen under prosocial constraints, reversing the Protocol 4 finding.
Publications

Open science,
honest reporting

All preregistrations, data, and code published before results. Failures reported alongside confirmations.

2026 · Preregistration · MARL · Ethics · Temporal Integration
Protocol 5 Preregistration: Temporal Integration Span and Prosocial Constraint Architecture as Necessary Conditions for Ethical Convergence
Tests the joint necessity hypothesis: ethical convergence requires recursive self-transparency, sufficient temporal span, and prosocial constraint architecture simultaneously. 2×2 factorial design. Preregistered prior to experimental execution. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19038790
DOI →
2026 · Preprint · MARL · Ethics · Phase Transition
Protocol 4 Preregistration: Ethics as Emergent Constraint Response — From Mimesis to Phase Transition in Multi-Agent Systems
Locked preregistration for Protocol 4 confirmatory campaign. Introduces Sacrifice-Conflict Test and Deception Metric as decisive instruments for distinguishing mimesis from ethical substance. SHA-256 verified. Published before data collection. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19005417
DOI →
2026 · Preprint · MARL · Ethics · Specification gaming
Virtue Theater: Specification Gaming and Regulatory Constraint Failure in Multi-Agent Systems
Preregistered experimental demonstration that regulatory ethical constraints systematically produce specification gaming in simple MARL agents. Results inverted the prediction (d = −2.18). Introduces virtue theater as a formal failure mode taxonomy.
PDF →
2026 · Zenodo · DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18929040
Testing Ethical Constraints as Architectural Necessity in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Systems — Preregistration v3
Locked preregistration for Protocol 2 confirmatory campaign. SHA-256 verified. Published before data collection.
DOI →
2026 · Zenodo · DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18975095
Protocol 2 Confirmatory Campaign Build Report — constraint-ethics-necessity
Complete per-seed data, deviation log, statistical results, and git history for the virtue theater study. All four preregistration deviations disclosed.
DOI →
2026 · Zenodo · DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18738379
Interrogative Structure Emergence Under Energy Constraints — Δ-Variable Confirmatory Campaign
P1–P4 confirmed across 75 runs. Honest disclosure of P5 underpowering and two preregistration quality failures.
DOI →
2025 · Zenodo · HDT² Framework
HDT² — A Pilot Framework for Entropy-Band Calibration of LLM Reasoning Stability
Measures reasoning quality through entropy variance. Validated across Qwen, Mistral, and Llama models on large HH-RLHF dataset.
DOI →
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Demonstrations & Tools

Live systems,
open for exploration

Operational tools embodying the research. Experimental — expect iteration.

Interactive

Q-ISA Explorer

Interactive exploration of Question–Intent–Signal–Answer structures and interrogative geometry. The primary research demonstration interface.

Launch →
Evaluation

Q-ISA LLM Judge Explorer

Evaluation interface for observing and comparing LLM reasoning behavior using Q-ISA-based judging criteria. Useful for alignment evaluation work.

Launch →
Extended

Q-ISA Explorer v160

Extended version with additional operators and analysis depth. More experimental than the primary explorer.

Launch →
Safety

Φ-SEAL GPT

Epistemic boundary and reasoning-containment tool for safety, risk, and decision-critical contexts. Built on the PhiSeal framework.

Launch →
Protocol

DDRP Walkthrough

Live walkthrough of the Deterministic Document Review Protocol. Auditable, cryptographically hashed document analysis infrastructure.

View →
Lab

Δ-Variable Lab Notebook

The live experiment dashboard and run history for the Δ-Variable MARL study. All 75 confirmatory runs logged.

View →
Writing

Where the thinking
gets philosophical

Essays on epistemology, cognition, AI, and the nature of inquiry. The longer arc of the research program, written for a wider audience.

Loading articles…
All articles on Medium →
Contact & Collaboration

Open for inquiry

The repositories are open for exploration, critique, and extension. Researchers, engineers, and theorists are invited to experiment, fork, challenge assumptions, or propose new mechanisms.

If you are testing a hypothesis, challenging a finding, or building something adjacent — reach out. The work evolves through contact.

Currently available
Contract & remote work

Available for contract and remote roles in AI evaluation, LLM safety, and applied reasoning research. Pattern recognition across complex systems is the throughline.

AI Evaluation LLM Safety Alignment Research MARL Preregistered Studies Specification Gaming